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Garden Design, 16th-19th Century

 

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Garden Design, 16th-19th century
The Haupt Collection, Technical University of Hannover


Editor: Joachim-Wolschke-Bulmahn

IDC is presents an important collection of rare works in the field of garden history: a selection of 100 garden books from the Haupt Collection in the Library of the University of Hannover. The Haupt Collection is comprised of more than 1,500 books and thousands of engravings and drawings dating from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century that deal with architectural history and art history. The present selection by IDC will constitute an indispensible source for garden, art and architectural historians.

Karl Albrecht Haupt

Karl Albrecht Haupt (1852 - 1932), the former owner, was a professor of architecture at the University of Hannover. After having participated in the war between Germany and France in 1870 to 1871, Haupt studied architecture at the technical universities of Karlsruhe and Hannover. From 1880 on he worked as a free-lance architect. In 1879 he was appointed as instructor for German Renaissance studies at the Technical University of Hannover; from 1907 on he also lectured on Spanish and Poertuguese architectural history and ancient Germanic architectural history. Haupt received his PhD. in philosophy in 1893. In 1920 he was appointed as a full honorary professor in German Renaissance studies by the Technical University of Hannover. In 1927 he received an honorary PhD. in appreciation of his merits as teacher, architect and collector of graphics in the field of architectural history. In 1927 he became an honorary member of the Sociedade dos Arquitectos Portugueses diplomados pelo governo.

During his professional career Haupt also served from 1903 to 1907 as the first president of the Bund Deutscher Architekten (German Association of Architects) (BDA). In 1922 he became honorary member of the BDA. From 1904 until 1929 he was president of the Hannoverscher Künstlerverein (Art Association of Hannover).

The Haupt Collection

In 1901 Haupt sold major parts of his collection to the Technical University of Hannover, among them about 1,500 books, thousands of engravings and an extensive collection of drawings by Haupt himself, which he used for his lectures. The collection was later complemented with new acquisitions. The books of the Haupt Collection are significant for their coverage of architectural history. There are also numerous titles that deal with interior design, aesthetics, art history, technology, and garden history. The architectural and art historical portions of the collection include such important works as Leon Battista Alberti´s Libri de Re aedificatoria decem (Paris, 1512), Andrea Palladio´s I quattro libri dell ´architettura di Andrea Palladio (Venice, 1570), and Karl Friedrich Schinkel´s Sammlung architektonischer Entwürfe (Berlin, 1819-40). T he collection contains several of such works in various editions or languages. Thus Sebastiano Serlio´s Libro primo (-quinto) d´Architettura (Venice, 1566) is not only available in the original Italian version, but also in a German edition (Basel, 1609), and a Dutch edition (Amsterdam, 1616).

The Haupt Collection covers a broad range of facets of architectural and art history. Haupt also collected books about related issues such as the architecture of churches, theaters, monasteries, fortresses and other military buildings, or such issues as calligraphy and carpentry.

Garden Design

About 100 titles of the Haupt collection are of direct relevance to the study of garden history. They include such watershed works as Salomon de Caus´ Hortus Palatinus (1620), Antoine Joseph Dézaillier d´Argentville´s La theorie et la pratique du jardinage (1739), and Christian Cay Lorenz Hirschfeld´s Theorie der Gartenkunst (1779-85), as well as lesser known but, nevertheless, important works as Heinrich Hesse´s Neue Garten-Lust (1696) and Die Gartenkunst (1797) by J. F. Blotz (pseudonym of F.CH. Touchy). The garden titles included in the IDC microfiche project cover a broad range of subjects regarding the theory and practice of gardening, horticulture and garden design. Technological aspects are as well treated as garden ornaments, garden buildings, plant use, and the construction of green houses. For example, Johann Gottfried Grohmann´s Ideenmagazin für Liebhaber von Gärten (Leipzig, 1796-1802) offers insights into garden ornaments used for well-to-do gardens. The Dutch publication Het vermakelyk land-leven (Amsterdam, 1710-11) includes fascinating views of gardens of the same period in the Netherlands. Such a lesser known publication as Bernhard Christoph Faust´s Zur Sonne nach Mittag sollten alle Häuser der Menschen gerichtet sey (n.p., c. 1824) offers interesting views of the application of the English landscape garden to row houses. The two volumes of Theatri machinarum hydraulicarum by Jacob Leupold (Leipzig, 1724-25) elucidate how to construct water fountains and show, e. g., parts of the water technique used to run the fountains of the Marly garden. Last but not least, numerous titles deal with the most important seventeenth, eigteenth and nineteenth century gardens in Europe such as Stowe, Versailles, and Schwetzingen. These and the other titles included in the IDC project "Garden Design, 16th - 19th Century," constitute a rich source for garden, art and architectural historians.

Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn

University of Hannover